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https://www.britannica.com/art/automatism-art
Automatism, technique first used by Surrealist painters and poets to express the creative force of the unconscious in art. In the 1920s the Surrealist poets André Breton, Paul Éluard, Robert Desnos, Louis Aragon, and Philippe Soupault tried writing in a hypnotic or trancelike state, recording their train of mental associations without censorship or attempts at formal exposition.
https://smarthistory.org/surrealist-techniques-automatism/
Masson’s technique combined automatism with conscious refinements. This was typical of many Surrealist artists who employed forms of direct automatic production and then enhanced the resulting suggestive marks to create a more legible image. They also frequently left some forms vague so they could be interpreted in many different ways.
https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/a/automatism
Surrealist collage, putting together images clipped from magazines, product catalogues, book illustrations and other sources, was invented by Max Ernst, and was the first form of automatism in visual art. Ernst also used frottage (rubbing) and grattage (scraping) to create chance textures within his work.Estimated Reading Time: 1 min
https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/themes/surrealism/tapping-the-subconscious-automatism-and-dreams/
Automatism plays a role in Surrealists techniques such as spontaneous or automatic writing, painting, and drawing; free association of images and words; and collaborative creation though games like Exquisite Corpse. Surrealists were also deeply interested in interpreting dreams as conduits for unspoken feelings and desires.
https://www.widewalls.ch/magazine/psychic-automatism
Dec 20, 2016 · Eli Anapur. When in 1924 André Breton (1896-1966) published the Manifesto of Surrealism he explained this movement through the concept of pure psychic automatism. The idea of an uninhibited creative psyche was conceived as the modus operandi for Surrealists. Defining Surrealism from the outset as a psychic automatism he later reconceptualized it along the lines of a …
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/definitions/automatism.htm
Joan Miro (1893-1983) Spanish surrealist noted for his 'automatic' paintings and random shapes, as in Birth of the World (1925, Museum of Modern Art, New York). Francis Bacon (1909-92) Famous for his shocking surrealist imagery, Bacon was not averse to receiving artistic assistance from the bottle.
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