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https://www.britannica.com/art/automatism-art
Automatism, technique first used by Surrealist painters and poets to express the creative force of the unconscious in art. In the 1920s the Surrealist poets André Breton, Paul Éluard, Robert Desnos, Louis Aragon, and Philippe Soupault tried writing in a hypnotic or trancelike state, recording their train of mental associations without censorship or attempts at formal exposition.
https://elearning.psu.edu/demos/art010/automatism-and-veristic-surrealism
Joan Miro, Landscape (The Hare) 1927 Surrealist artists used the technique of automatism to explore fear, desire, fantasy, eroticism and symbolism. They often expressed and pondered images and ideas through writing and making art.
https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/themes/surrealism/tapping-the-subconscious-automatism-and-dreams/
In psychology, “automatism” refers to involuntary actions and processes not under the control of the conscious mind—for example, dreaming, breathing, or a nervous tic. Automatism plays a role in Surrealists techniques such as spontaneous or automatic writing, painting, and drawing; free association of images and words; and collaborative creation though games like Exquisite Corpse.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Automatistes
Les Automatistes were a group of Québécois artistic dissidents from Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The movement was founded in the early 1940s by painter Paul-Émile Borduas. Les Automatistes were so called because they were influenced by Surrealism and its theory of automatism. Members included Marcel Barbeau, Roger Fauteux, Claude Gauvreau, Jean-Paul Riopelle, Pierre Gauvreau, Fernand …
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/definitions/automatism.htm
Joan Miro (1893-1983) Spanish surrealist noted for his 'automatic' paintings and random shapes, as in Birth of the World (1925, Museum of Modern Art, New York). Francis Bacon (1909-92) Famous for his shocking surrealist imagery, Bacon was not averse to receiving artistic assistance from the bottle.
https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/a/automatism
Surrealist collage, putting together images clipped from magazines, product catalogues, book illustrations and other sources, was invented by Max Ernst, and was the first form of automatism in visual art. Ernst also used frottage (rubbing) and grattage (scraping) to create chance textures within his work.
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